In 2003, legendary computer architect Michael J. Flynn issued a warning that most of the industry wasn’t ready to hear. The relentless march toward more complex CPUs—with speculative execution, deep pipelines, and bloated instruction handling—was becoming unsustainable. In a paper titled “Computer Architecture … Read More
Author: Jonah McLeod
Flynn Was Right: How a 2003 Warning Foretold Today’s Architectural Pivot
Voice as a Feature: A Silent Revolution in AI-Enabled SoCs
When Apple introduced Siri in 2011, it was the first serious attempt to make voice interaction a mainstream user interface. Embedded into the iPhone 4S, Siri brought voice into consumers’ lives not as a standalone product, but as a built-in feature—a hands-free way to interact with an existing device. Siri set the expectation… Read More
Feeding the Beast: The Real Cost of Speculative Execution in AI Data Centers
For decades, speculative execution was a brilliant solution to a fundamental bottleneck: CPUs were fast, but memory access was slow. Rather than wait idly, processors guessed the next instruction or data fetch and executed it ‘just in case.’ Speculative execution traces its lineage back to Robert Tomasulo’s work… Read More
Predictive Load Handling: Solving a Quiet Bottleneck in Modern DSPs
When people talk about bottlenecks in digital signal processors (DSPs), they usually focus on compute throughput: how many MACs per second, how wide the vector unit is, how fast the clock runs. But ask any embedded AI engineer working on always-on voice, radar, or low-power vision—and they’ll tell you the truth: memory stalls … Read More
Even HBM Isn’t Fast Enough All the Time
Why Latency-Tolerant Architectures Matter in the Age of AI Supercomputing
High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) has become the defining enabler of modern AI accelerators. From NVIDIA’s GB200 Ultra to AMD’s MI400, every new AI chip boasts faster and larger stacks of HBM, pushing memory bandwidth into the terabytes-per-second range. … Read More
RISC-V’s Privileged Spec and Architectural Advances Achieve Security Parity with Proprietary ISAs
Because of its open and modular nature, RISC-V has faced recognizable security challenges stemming from fragmentation, performance inefficiencies, and inherent vulnerabilities. Fragmentation across implementations leads to inconsistencies, making it difficult to enforce uniform security measures. Performance… Read More
Harnessing Modular Vector Processing for Scalable, Power-Efficient AI Acceleration
The dominance of GPUs in AI workloads has long been driven by their ability to handle massive parallelism, but this advantage comes at the cost of high-power consumption and architectural rigidity. A new approach, leveraging a chiplet-based RISC-V vector processor, offers an alternative that balances performance, efficiency,… Read More
An Open-Source Approach to Developing a RISC-V Chip with XiangShan and Mulan PSL v2
As RISC-V gains traction in the global semiconductor industry, developers are exploring fully open-source approaches to processor design. XiangShan, a high-performance RISC-V CPU project, combined with the Mulan Permissive License v2 (Mulan PSL v2), represents a community-driven, transparent alternative to proprietary… Read More
Musk’s new job as Samsung Fab Manager – Can he disrupt chip making? Intel outside