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Bottlenecks in DRAM and HBM: Tailwind for China's Memory Industry

Fred Chen

Moderator
2026-01-21 Henrik Bork

For the construction of AI data centers, so many DRAM memory chips are needed worldwide that there are no longer enough left for manufacturers of smartphones and computers. The current situation gives Chinese manufacturers like CXMT a boost.

The demand for memory chips for AI data centers has been skyrocketing for some time. This is partly causing a shortage of availability for manufacturers of consumer electronics. HP, one of the largest laptop manufacturers in the world, is therefore considering purchasing in China for the first time. This is reported by the Chinese tech portal Kuai Keji, citing a report from Bank of America.

Tae Kim, an analyst at Barron's, had previously quoted from the report on social media. Allegedly, HP is considering incorporating Chinese memory chip manufacturers into its supply chains. However, due to fears of new boycotts from Washington, these potential supplies are reportedly intended only for the Asian and European markets. It was stated that HP has not yet made a final decision on this.

Several media outlets in China and Asia speculate that the Chinese manufacturer CXMT could benefit from this situation and receive a large order from HP. "The PC giant HP plans to source DRAM directly from ChangXin Memory Technology (CXMT)," writes Kuai Keji.

Memory Market Under Pressure​

Currently, the global DRAM market is dominated by three companies: Samsung and SK Hynix in South Korea, as well as Micron Technology in the USA. Together, these three companies hold about 90 percent of the global market for DRAM, which stands for "Dynamic Random Access Memory" and is now needed in large quantities in data centers.

However, all three major providers are currently focusing on the more lucrative market for data centers. Moreover, Micron is withdrawing from the consumer electronics market and has discontinued the Crucial end-consumer brand.

It has become difficult to order enough of these products, even for major players like HP. This development has been driving the prices for both DRAM, used in main memory, and the faster HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) on the global market sharply upward since the beginning of this year.

Particularly in the first ten days of this year, prices have risen sharply, reaching the highest level since 2018, reports the Chinese financial newspaper Xinlang Caijing. "I have been in this industry for a long time," said Jeff Clarke, COO of Dell, in December 2025 to a reporter from Wired magazine, and this "is the worst supply shortage I have ever seen."

DRAM Made in China​

CXMT, now the largest Chinese manufacturer of memory chips, was founded in 2016 after a Chinese state-owned enterprise failed in its attempt to acquire Micron. The city government of Hefei decided that a domestic Chinese DRAM manufacturer was needed.

The state capital providers, who aim to reduce their country's dependence on unreliable foreign suppliers in the long term, have a lot of patience. So far, CXMT has been allowed to incur significant annual losses in order to invest in research and development as well as high-quality production facilities. In the meantime, CXMT has caught up technologically with foreign competitors. The recently introduced DDR5 DRAM by the company is said to be on par in quality with those of the "Big Three," according to analysts.

Major Chinese customers like Alibaba Cloud, Tencent, and Xiaomi have been using CXMT's memory products for quite some time. Recently, the company also filed for an IPO in Shanghai, aiming to raise the equivalent of around half a billion euros in capital. These funds are planned to be invested in further R&D and massive capacity expansion.

For the city government of Hefei in China's Anhui province, which has positioned itself as an active industrial investor, this would not be the first successful technology exit. Hefei had already achieved high profits through strategic investments in the display manufacturer BOE and later in the struggling electric car producer NIO. (sb)

 
2026-01-21 Henrik Bork

For the construction of AI data centers, so many DRAM memory chips are needed worldwide that there are no longer enough left for manufacturers of smartphones and computers. The current situation gives Chinese manufacturers like CXMT a boost.

The demand for memory chips for AI data centers has been skyrocketing for some time. This is partly causing a shortage of availability for manufacturers of consumer electronics. HP, one of the largest laptop manufacturers in the world, is therefore considering purchasing in China for the first time. This is reported by the Chinese tech portal Kuai Keji, citing a report from Bank of America.

Tae Kim, an analyst at Barron's, had previously quoted from the report on social media. Allegedly, HP is considering incorporating Chinese memory chip manufacturers into its supply chains. However, due to fears of new boycotts from Washington, these potential supplies are reportedly intended only for the Asian and European markets. It was stated that HP has not yet made a final decision on this.

Several media outlets in China and Asia speculate that the Chinese manufacturer CXMT could benefit from this situation and receive a large order from HP. "The PC giant HP plans to source DRAM directly from ChangXin Memory Technology (CXMT)," writes Kuai Keji.

Memory Market Under Pressure​

Currently, the global DRAM market is dominated by three companies: Samsung and SK Hynix in South Korea, as well as Micron Technology in the USA. Together, these three companies hold about 90 percent of the global market for DRAM, which stands for "Dynamic Random Access Memory" and is now needed in large quantities in data centers.

However, all three major providers are currently focusing on the more lucrative market for data centers. Moreover, Micron is withdrawing from the consumer electronics market and has discontinued the Crucial end-consumer brand.

It has become difficult to order enough of these products, even for major players like HP. This development has been driving the prices for both DRAM, used in main memory, and the faster HBM (High Bandwidth Memory) on the global market sharply upward since the beginning of this year.

Particularly in the first ten days of this year, prices have risen sharply, reaching the highest level since 2018, reports the Chinese financial newspaper Xinlang Caijing. "I have been in this industry for a long time," said Jeff Clarke, COO of Dell, in December 2025 to a reporter from Wired magazine, and this "is the worst supply shortage I have ever seen."

DRAM Made in China​

CXMT, now the largest Chinese manufacturer of memory chips, was founded in 2016 after a Chinese state-owned enterprise failed in its attempt to acquire Micron. The city government of Hefei decided that a domestic Chinese DRAM manufacturer was needed.

The state capital providers, who aim to reduce their country's dependence on unreliable foreign suppliers in the long term, have a lot of patience. So far, CXMT has been allowed to incur significant annual losses in order to invest in research and development as well as high-quality production facilities. In the meantime, CXMT has caught up technologically with foreign competitors. The recently introduced DDR5 DRAM by the company is said to be on par in quality with those of the "Big Three," according to analysts.

Major Chinese customers like Alibaba Cloud, Tencent, and Xiaomi have been using CXMT's memory products for quite some time. Recently, the company also filed for an IPO in Shanghai, aiming to raise the equivalent of around half a billion euros in capital. These funds are planned to be invested in further R&D and massive capacity expansion.

For the city government of Hefei in China's Anhui province, which has positioned itself as an active industrial investor, this would not be the first successful technology exit. Hefei had already achieved high profits through strategic investments in the display manufacturer BOE and later in the struggling electric car producer NIO. (sb)


If this product end up in devices imported into US , will they get tariffed.
 
Interesting situation. It is evident that the AI boom is redefining the entire memory ecosystem not only in terms of GPUs and CPUs. When the DRAM and HBM capacity is redirected to the data centers, the impact on the PCs and smartphones is bound to occur. We have encountered comparable cycles in the past, but the scale appears to be so large this time around since AI infrastructure demand is structural and not temporary.Provided that HP and other leading OEMs begin to source with CXMT, in some degree, regionally limited or not, it would be a significant recognition of Chinese DRAM quality and reliability. The geopolitical risk remains high, although supply pressure can make companies diversify more quickly than politics can at times permit.The most impressive fact is that AI demand is indirectly boosting the maturity of domestic semiconductor in China. Although CXMT may not yet be ahead of Samsung, SK Hynix, or Micron in yield or scale, regular large-volume orders may bridge the gap faster than anticipated. The big question is whether this is a long-term change in supply chain or a short term change in the midst of the shortage cycle.
 
If this product end up in devices imported into US , will they get tariffed.
Almost certainly, all of it is going to domestic customers, and it's likely not enough to go around even there. But in the outside chance it does go to US, we'll have to see what mood Trump is in.
 
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